management

· Management as knowledge · Management as nontextual matter As a Science Science has been defined as a form of systematised knowledge, which workes a relationship between designer and effect. Such systematised knowledge contains concepts, hypotheses, theories, experimentation and principles. unmingled knowledge or collection of facts is non science. The knowledge so gathered should be verifiable. A subject to be accept as a science should break the followers features: i. It should have a domineering body of knowledge. ii. It should have a scientific method for observation. iii. Its principles should have been evolved on the basis of continued observation. iv. Its principles should have universal applicability. v. Its principles should be verifiable. vi. Its principles should establish cause and effect relationship. Now charge has been given up the excogitate of an organized body of knowledge. Its study helps in gaining a rational approach to the tui tion of means for accomplishing certain goals. That is why, management is called a Science. Although management has been recognized as a science, it is not exact like the biological and physical sciences. It falls in the area of Social Science as it is a companionable process and deals with complex human beings.

The theories and principles of management are p artistic production bound. It may produce different results in different situations. That is why Ernest Dale has called management a Soft Science. As an device Art may be defined as the development of applying the principles to actual practice s o as to achieve the desire results with ef! ficiency. It is relate with the application of knowledge and skills. If science is learnt, an art is practiced. Thus, an art has the following features: i. It demotes personal skills. ii. It signifies practical knowledge. iii. It helps in achieving concrete results. iv. It is imaginative in nature. The principles and techniques of management when applied in the organization to...If you command to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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